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B E C O M I N G V E G E T A R I A N: Why You Should Do This and How to Make the Transition
Page Seven
Applying the Food Pyramid to everyday life
The plant-based food guide pyramid is set up exactly like the USDA food guide pyramid. Adopting a vegetarian or near-vegetarian diet is as easy as following the pyramid!
1. WHOLE GRAINS, CEREALS, & PASTAS
- Eat 6-11 servings per day
- Complex carbohydrates are an excellent energy source, providing B-vitamins, Vitamin E, many minerals, protein and phytochemicals
- Choose whole-grains over refined ones (brown rice instead of white rice, or whole wheat bread instead of white bread, etc.)
- Experiment with wheat alternatives, such as spelt bread or brown rice pasta
- Try quinoa or whole wheat couscous instead of rice for a change. They cook faster than rice and will provide nice variety to your diet
- Cereals and oatmeal are easy ways to incorporate whole grains into your diet
- Try cooking whole grains, such as millet and amaranth, and mixing them with cinnamon and maple syrup for a great breakfast or dessert
2. VEGETABLES AND FRUIT
- Eat at least 5-10 servings per day
- Vegetables and fruits are our most nutrient-dense foods; they contain the greatest amount of nutrients per calorie of any food
- Most of the nutrients that fight against cancer and heart disease are found in these “protective foods.” Choose organically-grown foods when possible to limit exposure to pesticides. When choosing fruits and vegetables, select fresh food first, then frozen, and canned as a last choice
3. CALCIUM - RICH FOODS
- Eat 4-6 servings of calcium-rich or fortified foods providing at least 150 mg of calcium per serving
- Plant sources come with the added benefit of fiber, antioxidants and phytochemicals
- Dairy sources often come with excess “baggage”: saturated fat, cholesterol, genetically-engineered growth hormones, antibiotics, etc.
Sources:- Greens, such as, broccoli, kale, Chinese cabbage, bok choy, okra, cooked - 1 cup or raw - 2 cups; Seaweed, dried hijiki - 1/4 cup
- Tofu & Beans: Tofu made with calcium - 1/4 cup; White, navy, great northern or black turtle beans - 1 cup
- Nuts: Almonds or Almond butter - 3 - 4 tablespoons
- Other: Blackstrp Molasses - 1 tablespoon; Figs - 5
4. BEANS, LEGUMES & ALTERNATIVES
- Eat at least 2-3 servings a day
- Our richest source of plant protein comes from legumes
- Soy is a wonderful choice, providing excellent quality protein
- Nuts are a wonderful source, and they can actually lower cholesterol levels
- Whole grains can contribute significant amounts of protein to a plant-based diet
- Try cooking with quinoa, a quick cooking, ancient grain full of especially high-quality protein
Sources:- Legumes, Tofu: Beans, peas or lentils, cooked - 1/2 cup; Tofu 1/3 cup
- Meat Substitutes, Tempeh: 1 serving or patty
- Nuts or Seeds: 3 to 4 tablespoons; Nut or Seed Butter - 2 to 3 tablespoons
- Other: Soy Milk - 1 cup
5. VITAMIN B-12
- Take a supplement containing Spirulina or Chlorella, or eat foods fortified with this vitamin, if you’re eating a diet free of all animal foods--Fortified foods or a Supplement: 50 mcg/week
6. VITAMIN D
- Get an adequate amount of sunlight, or take a supplement (or drink a fortified non-dairy beverage)
7. OMEGA-3 ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS
- Limit your intake of omega-6 fatty acids (found in animal foods, corn oil, sunflower oil)
- Try sprinkling flaxseed meal on your cereal (approximately 1 Tablespoon), or blending flaxseed oil (approximately 1 Tablespoon) into a fruit smoothie
- Eat walnuts, freshly cracked from the shell
- Try tossing some greens with organic flax seed oil and lemon juice, (seasoned with fresh minced garlic, a little sea salt, a pinch of onion powder, basil and oregano to taste), for a good helping of these essential fatty acids
The Plant-Based Food Guide Pyramid and facts adapted from Becoming Vegetarian by dietitians Vesanto Melina, Brenda Davis, and Victoria Harrison, The Book Publishing Company, 1995
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